Every great story has 3 main elements: a hero, a villain and a conflict. Without those 3 elements the story is unsatisfactory and boring. The hero needs a villain to to oppose and a conflict to resolve to build a strong narrative that satisfies and inspires readers. God must love to write because he has authored one of the greatest stories ever with Jesus as the savior of humanity, Satan as the villain and sin as the root of conflict. Hamartiology is the theological study of sin, with "hamartia" literally being the Greek word for sin. Since sin is the main conflict in Christianity, we would naturally want to understand as much about it as we can. Hamartiology studies all the aspects of sin so that we can more easily identify what is and what is not sin. Naturally, there is a difference among churches in what they consider they sin. Beyond that, there is differences among where sin comes from and the nature of how it affects our relationship...
At the core of Christianity is the idea of salvation: how we are spared from eternal darkness and torment and reconciled to God. As such, there exists theology surrounding the idea of salvation (or justification). This is known as soteriology. Biblical Basis Naturally, there is a lot of evidence in the Bible surrounding soteriology seeing as the entire story of the Bible is how we were reconciled to God through Christ. Despite this, there are different views among denominations on how the process of salvation works. Essentially, the two extremes on the spectrum are Calvinism (predestination) vs Arminiansim (complete free will), which I will cover in depth in another post. Most denominations and schools of thought fall somewhere in between these two ideals. The non-negotiable aspects of soteriology are the life, death and resurrection of Christ. Christians universally agree that these are the proverbial cog in the salvation machine. This can best be summarized in 1 John 3:23...